Napoleon Exiled to Elba Essay Example for Free

Napoleon Exiled to Elba Essay * 1812 Napoleon launches an invasion against the Russians * 1814, Napoleon forces surrendered and he offered to step down in favor of his son * His offer was rejected and he signed the Treaty of Fontainebleau, he agreed to abdicate in exchange for which he was given the tiny Kingdom of Ebla, a small island in the Mediterranean Sea * May 3, 1814 Napoleon arrives on the island of Elba   He brought ambitious plans to reform government and a personal escorts of 1000 men, and a household of staff * An island of 12,000 inhabitants in the Mediterranean, 20 km off the Tuscan coast * Napoleon attempted suicide with a pill he had carried since a near-capture by Russians on the retreat from Moscow however, its potency had weakened with age, and he survived to be exiled while his wife and son took refuge in Austria * Evening of February 26 , 1815 Napoleon takes advantage of temporary absence of the English custodian, Colonel Campbell * Under the cover of night, he silently slipped away with a from the island and returned to the mainland * He traveled through areas where he knew he had support and about 500,000 volunteers joined him * Escapes with a small army and headed to Paris, proclaimed the renewal of his empire * The French may have found Louis XVIII reasonable, however, they feared the royalists and clergy who were attacking the reforms that had come into effect since 1789 * Also the magic of Napoleon’s name and the glory of his rule been forgotten Battle of Waterloo   Return of Napoleon united the powers at Vienna, and agreed to raise and army under the Duke of Wellington * June 8, 1815 near the town of Waterloo, Belgium the 100 days campaign starts * June 8, 1815 near the town of Waterloo, Belgium 100 days campaign starts * June 18, 1815 Duke of Wellington occupied the ridge of Mont St. Jean (south of Waterloo) and Napoleon was at La Belle Alliance across the valley * Duke of Wellington had inexperienced infantry, cavalry and had 156 cannon and standard gun for infantry * Napoleon built his army on short notice with veterans, peasants and conscripts * The French army under fire from the garrisons at LA Haye Sainte and despite heavy casualties at 11:30am the French launched diversionary attack on Hougoumont * An allied line that hid behind the ridge

Essay --

The Society of Tennis Tennis is the world’s fastest growing sport today for many reasons. One of the biggest reasons is the variety of opponents one can face. In examining the game of tennis, most players can be categorized into one of four groups, the talented, the rabbits, the pushers, and the blasters. These different players make the game different each time one plays. This changes each match for the better, or for the worse. The Talent is a player who is able to adapt his game to give him the best advantage against any opponent, in any weather condition, whenever needed. He can drop shot, blast, â€Å"thread the needle†, find weaknesses, and reflex volley. This player will find what works best and dismantle the game. The talent will exhaust almost any player. At the highest levels, the talent may choose to play directly into his opponent’s strength. Bill Tilden was notorious for this tactic. When asked why he attacked the other players’ strengths, his answer was, â€Å"That way, once I’ve broken him down, all he has to fall back on are his weaknesses.† The talent tends to be able to change strategies and tactics in the blink of an eye. He may, within a set, even within a point, switch from one pattern to another to keep the opponent off balance no matter the situation. The Rabbit is quick and tireless. He believes he can return any ball and becomes a â€Å"human backboard.† This player relies on his opponent’s misses, rather than on any â€Å"money shot† of his own. His strength is that while retrieving, they keep the opponent pinned to his/her own baseline. The rabbit has consistent depth and uniformly steady pace on his strokes. He just doesn’t seem to work the corners or angles the way most baseliners do. If one is playing the baseline game ... ...y of a rabbit, but the inconsistency of the pusher. Every once in a while, a seemingly lazy player could walk onto the court and instantly become one of the talented. The other talented would work out off-season, practice off season. But this kid refuses to put forth the effort. He just doesn’t understand where he really belongs on the court. The talented are players who exude confidence. They have finesse, power, speed, and strategy. They compare to the well-rounded, athletic, and social A-student. On the other hand, the rabbits strive to be talented and model the talented’s behavior yet don’t quite reach that goal. The pushers would like to be accepted but don’t want to put forth the effort to raise his game. The blaster resembles the athletes in the school who force bluster their way through the school. These people are accepted due to their immense power.

Humanitarian Intervention Essay

The United Nations is an international organization that fights for world peace, and strives to control international law, international security, economic development, social progress, and human rights. In the United Nation’s preamble, it states the organization is â€Å"determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"†¦to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom.† However, the U.N. can often be ineffective and it has been an ongoing debate between the world’s leaders whether or not intervention is justified when inhumane acts are committed in foreign lands. Too many human beings have been victims of violence, rape and/or other crimes on the U.N.’s watch all because the organization is not authorized to forcefully intervene in another country. The United Nations Security Council is responsible for preserving peace between nations and even within nations, and when a nation is com mitting atrocious acts against its citizens, the U.N. and other nations should have the right to intervene militarily to end those abuses. Just as if a teenager would take on the responsibilities of providing a home and food for themselves when they move out, a country assumes the responsibility of taking care of its citizens when it becomes independent. When a country proves to the outside world it is not capable of controlling its citizens and maintaining a peaceful nation, blue helmeted U.N. troops may invade these unstable regions. It would be inhumane for the U.N., any country, or any human to witness a population suffering and not try to interfere in some way. To look the other way would be immoral and an inhumane act of itself. When trying to obtain peace in foreign countries, peaceful negotiations are not always successful and other means are necessary. In the past, the U.N. has not been able to aid suffering populations militarily and has failed to protect the citizens from vicious crimes. In a survey taken by the U.N. in 2007, â€Å"which covered a total of 14 countries, plus the Palestinian Territories, [it] found that solid majorities in each of 12 national pools believe that the U.N. Security Council should have the right to authorize the use of military force to protect innocent people from genocide and other massive abuses, even against the will of their own government† (Lobe). Even with the support of the majority of world, the U.N. still does not have the authority to forcefully protect innocent people from cruelty. When tens of thousands of people were being killed in Darfur, and Rwanda, it was the U.N.’s responsibility to step in and save the lives of those living in a country at an unfortunate time. However, by following their rules of procedure, the U.N. troops were not allowed to use force unless fired upon. Since 2003, â€Å"tens of thousands of people have being killed and over one million people displaced† in Darfur and in 1994, Hutus killed an estimated 800,000 Tutsis in Rwanda (Spectators to Genocide). â€Å"As a result of the massacre [in Rwanda], there are more than one million orphans† (Rust). But when the blue helmeted troops entered the Rwandan chaos, there was not much they could do to stop the genocides that were taking place right before their eyes. It took the United Nations three years after the United States declared the events taking place in Darfur as genocide to interfere, and even still the U.N. has done nothing beneficial to help those suffering in Darfur. Unable to seize weapons, the blue helmets stand by powerless. Had the United Nations involved itself earlier in Rwanda and Darfur and at full force, millions of people’s lives could have been saved or bettered. If the U.N. involved itself militarily, it is possible that the U.N. may have a few casualties, but the United States Army has lost a good number of soldiers over the years while fighting for causes they believe in. Sometimes sacrifices need to be made, and if a few members of the U.N. were lost in effort to protect the lives of thousands of people and potentially save a population, it would be an admirable sacrifice. It should be the world’s responsibility to defend civilians when its government is guilty of neglecting to â€Å"protect their populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity† (Reeves). Had the United Nations acted quicker when the Hutus began killing the Tutsis, and put an end to the vicious attacks that took place during those days, future genocides could have possibly been prevented. Instead, the word genocide can be heard more frequently and little is being done to stop that. Thousands of lives could have been saved or altered had the United Nations been able to step in and militarily defend the helpless populations of Rwanda and Darfur. Justification of humanitarian intervention is essential in order to protect the lives and rights of those suffering from genocide. The U.N. should want a reputation of not allowing genocides to take place, but instead the organization is being criticized for the lack of effort and aid being lent to those countries in need. Over the years, too many lives have been lost or damaged due to genocide and other inhumane acts. Humanitarian intervention needs to be allowed when a country is not protecting its citizens, in effort to save the lives of populations. The United Nations’ ineffectiveness in the past should be enough of a reason for why humanitarian intervention should be justified. It is imperative that the United Nations be entitled to militarily involve itself when innocent lives are in danger. Works Cited â€Å"Charter of the United Nations: Preamble.† Welcome to the United Nations: It’s Your World. Web. 03 Nov. 2010. . Jim Lobe. â€Å"U.N.: POLL SHOWS BROAD SUPPORT FOR U.N. ACTION AGAINST GENOCIDE. † Global Information Network 6 April 2007 Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. Reeves, E. â€Å"Failure to Protect: International Response to Darfur Genocide. † Harvard International Review 29.4 (2008): 84-85. Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. Rust, Selina. â€Å"RWANDA: REMEMBERING THE UNFORGETTABLE. † Global Information Network 9 April 2010 Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. â€Å"Spectators to Genocide. † Wall Street Journal 2 Aug. 2007, Eastern edition: National Newspaper Abstracts (3), ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010.

Jane Austen s Pride And Prejudice - 2493 Words

Just as you cannot love anyone else until you love yourself, you cannot be true to anyone else until you are true to yourself. The novel Pride and Prejudice illustrates a powerful message of being true to oneself through the powers of the author s own outlook. As opinionated women of her time, Jane Austen voiced her views through her own writing. Even though the objective of the book was to entertain readers, Austen never failed to wittily use plot and characters to express her own stance. Her distinctive own style of writing has left future generations something to scrutinize over. In the play Hamlet, Shakespeare wrote â€Å"to thine own self be true,/And it must follow, as the night the day,/Thou canst not then be false to any man,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The path to finding oneself relies on the on being true to oneself. Many cruise by life following societal standards without questioning oneself. This allows one to be average and normal. While many are afraid of be ing an outcast, some are willing to take the risks and challenge society; in Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy show examples of defying the standards of society to fight for their own beliefs. During the beginning of the novel, the Bingley sisters criticize Elizabeth for walking in the rain to see her sick sister, Jane. One of the sisters exclaim, â€Å" To walk three miles, or four miles, or five miles, or whatever it is, above her ankles in dirt, and alone, quite alone! † (8.10). For them as â€Å"very fine ladies† (4.11), it was considered inappropriate for a lady to walk alone in mud although it was for the sake of her sister. However, Elizabeth allowed herself to be the subject of judgments if it meant helping her family. Later in the book, she makes a decision that is frowned upon by people around her. She rejects Mr. Collins who is a cousin of her father. A sole objective a women in the eighteenth century was to get married to a respectable man. E lizabeth despite a good marriage opportunity rejects Mr. Collins. She believes that marriage without love is doomed to misery. Through Elizabeth, Austen successfully conveys feminine individuality. Austen deliberately portrays Elizabeth`s

True Love By Wislawa Szymborska - 876 Words

What would you imagine when hearing the words true love, many may think of the joy and happiness of two humans falling for each other in ways only they would know. An exiguous amount of people want what they see in other couples, a connection, a true love. However, with the poem â€Å"True Love† by Wislawa Szymborska, the speaker despises what she witnesses when surrounded by couples. The speaker conveys that she is having a mental argument whether or not true love is possible or even if she can obtain true love. Readers of the poem might wonder why the speaker has strong feelings with the thought of love; however, with further analysis of the diction, tone and word choice we can see her aspiration and fight for true love. Reading through â€Å"True Love,† he speaker has evident and bleak feelings towards love by stating, †Look at the happy couple./ Couldn’t they at least try to hide it,† or â€Å"it’s obviously a plot behind the human race’s back!† With further analysis on Szymborska, she had complications with her relationships and true love as well. Her first marriage only lasted for six years until divorce and in her next relationship she neither lived with her partner nor got married (â€Å"Wislawa Szymborsa†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Due to her troubles with love before the writing of this poem, the speaker sounds quite offended by the thought of many around her in love and showing affection because of the struggle to find true love herself. Even though the narrator asseverates bitter feelings towards ones inShow MoreRelatedTrue Love By Wislawa Szymborska864 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"True Love† by Wislawa Szymborska In the poem â€Å"True Love† by Wislawa Szymborska, the author explores the concept and authenticity of true love by conveying a sarcastic tone through a dubious perspective. Szymborska’s use of diction, figurative language, and irony provides the reader with a parallel point-of-view about the existence of true love. Beginning a poem with questions creates a sense of wonder and imagination into a reader’s mind about the theme. The pessimistic attitude towards trueRead MoreHappiness in True Love After reading â€Å"True Love† I have concluded that Szymborska is trying600 Words   |  3 PagesHappiness in True Love After reading â€Å"True Love† I have concluded that Szymborska is trying promoting true love to the people who don’t believe, by stating the positive aspects to make people live a happier life. In the poem â€Å"True Love† by Wislawa Szymborska, it is obviously talking about true love such as how it happens, and when people are in love or a relationship. She uses a continuous form of sarcasm of people who do believe in true in love, and those who do. This making her a believer, createsRead MoreI Think Romantic Love Is Universal Because It Is A Legacy Of Humanity s Shared Evolutionary Past797 Words   |  4 Pagesmeaning of love? Love is a powerful emotional and spiritual recognition. It can provide a deep happiness, and a deep suffering when unfulfilled. Love is one of the most valuable and cherished feelings in people’s lives. Love is known since the time of Adam and Eve. It makes one feel as if nothing else is needed in order to survive in this worl d. The definitions of love are the same and yet different. There are many authors in stories and poems that use romantic love like Shakespeare and Wislawa SzymborskaRead MoreTrue Love2046 Words   |  9 PagesExplication: â€Å"True Love† by Wislawa Szymborska This paper is an essay is an analysis of Wislawa Szymborska’s poem â€Å"True Love.† When I first read the poem, I was struck by its sheer simplicity and passion at what Szymborska feels that it means for two people to be in love. However; upon further contemplation, I see how she uses the lovers to represent change in an otherwise boring and regimented world where all actions must be taken for the betterment and advancement of the state. â€Å"True Love† is aRead MoreHow True is True Love in Modern Times?2328 Words   |  10 PagesDoes True Love Exist? I love you. These three little words might possibly be the most powerful statement one can make to another person. In life, most yearn for the intimate affection that a certain someone can provide them. Women dream of their Prince Charming to come and sweep them off their feet, while men search for the love of their life that sets their heart on fire. But what happens when love is thrown around without a second thought? Has this four letter word become an overused clichà ©Read More True Love Does Exist Essay2229 Words   |  9 Pages Does True Love Exist?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I love you.† These three little words might possibly be the most powerful statement one can make to another person. In life, most yearn for the intimate affection that a certain someone can provide them. Women dream of their Prince Charming to come and sweep them off their feet, while men search for the love of their life that sets their heart on fire. But what happens when love is thrown around without a second thought? Has this four letter word become an overused clichà ©Read MoreThe Things They Carried And The Beginning1408 Words   |  6 Pagesinto the United States Army and sent to Vietnam where he served with the 198th Infantry Brigade† (268) . The poem â€Å"The End and the Beginning† by Wislawa Szymborska is a poem which portrays post war imagery. The poet growing up in a time where the world war 11 was staged portrays her memories of that time through her lines and her poem capture the true horrific images of the aftermath of a war and the effort that needs to be taken in order to restore a community to its past glory. The Webster’sRead MoreWhat Is Love Exactly? Love Can Be Painful, Love Can Be1185 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is love exactly? Love can be painful, love can be sad, but more than anything love should bring in happiness to a person. It is the most powerful and scariest thing in the world. It makes people do the craziest and dumbest thing that you can never think of. When you love someone, whether you make them mad, cry, upset, or hurt them, true love well never be replaced. For some people it may bring them hope, beauty, and joy into one’s life. It does not matter what kind of love it is because allRead MoreThe Role of Animals in the Unbearable Lightness of Being and Poems New and Collected1458 Words   |  6 PagesSince animals, usually pets, are sometimes an essential part of ones life, it is not surprising that we find frequent references to its role in works of social realism, such as Wislawa Szymborskas Poems New and Collected and Milan Kunderas Unbearable Lightness of Being. Animals in literature could be used to symbolize all sorts of things, but in particular, animals may represent the personality of a character. This is because as humans and animals co-exi st in the same atmosphere, certain aspects

Swing Vote Is An American Political Culture Film - 2005 Words

The film Swing Vote is an American political culture film that relies heavily on film subtext to depict the negative attitude many Americans have towards voting, corruption inside a political election, and the spectacle of media frenzy. While the film gives a light hearted impression of a rare political snafu it is still consistent with the main themes of other political films of manipulation, money lust, and power hungry political heads that will stop at nothing for their own personal gain. We also see the political candidates merely as puppets while their campaign managers are the ones truly calling the shots. Swing Vote is a unique political culture film because due to the ordeal in the film’s plot, the politicians are at a disadvantage when they are usually the ones in power. With the tables turned we see how they construct their corrupt schemes and the direct effect it has on the character representing the American perspective. The strong symbols that convey the cultural norms in America’s political system are in need of a deeper analysis. In the closest presidential race in history, a malfunction at the voting booth leaves the decision up to a single man—Ernest â€Å"Bud† Johnson. Ernest has no political affiliation, stance, nor the initiative to stay informed on current events. Ernest is an alcoholic, neglectful, single father who is apathetic toward politics and rather decides to be a bystander. Bud alienates himself from the outside world living in a run-down trailerShow MoreRelatedUS Senate Case Study1693 Words   |  7 PagesCalled to confront a massive technological debate in the United States in the modern day, the US Senate will discuss the possible impacts and effects of automation in the workforce and vote on a resolution. The Senate committee will replicate parliamentary procedure and will be based off the current United States Senate. As it stands, the Republican party dominates the Senate with the following demographic: Republicans: 52 Seats Democrats: 46 Seats Independents: 2 SeatsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Blues 1558 Words   |  7 Pagesits transliteration. The blues’ another characteristic is its special harmony. It is a kind of music which is originated in the soul of black American slaves, hymns, work songs, Shouting and hymn. Voa in blues and rev used in the way of singing shows its source in the west. 1.1 The History of Blues Blues music began in the early twentieth century at American south. It also mix in the church like reading in the form of rhythm and rhyme. When listening to blues music, you will find they all seem toRead Morefamous people1742 Words   |  7 Pagespossible—not only by defeating a king, but by declining to become one himself. 3 Thomas Jefferson The author of the five most important words in American history: â€Å"All men are created equal.† 4 Franklin Delano Roosevelt He said, â€Å"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself,† and then he proved it. 5 Alexander Hamilton Soldier, banker, and political scientist, he set in motion an agrarian nation’s transformation into an industrial power. 6 Benjamin Franklin The Founder-of-all-trades—Read MoreEssay on Media Influence on Black Children5404 Words   |  22 PagesMedia Influence on Black/African-American Children Abstract: An overview of how media in the decades since the 1950s had influenced the education of Black/African-Americann Students. Media in the decades since the 1950s has dramatically influenced the education of Black/African-American children. The media, which includes television, newspapers, magazines, radio, advertising and the internet, is a vital part of constantly creating and reinforcing stereotypes. Media affects and influencesRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesto avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United States. As the manager of an electric company and owner of a ranch and mines, Jim expressed contempt for black Americans who continued to submit to segregation and live in poverty. Langston Hughes, 1933 (Library of Congress) Langston was not ashamed of being a black American. He had already written poems celebrating his heritage. He felt connected to the oppressed brown people of the world and hated his father for mistreating his MexicanRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pagesthe United States world war 1 Non-Intervention - The United States originally pursued a policy of non-intervention, avoiding conflict while trying to broker a peace. - When a German U-boat sank the British liner Lusitania in 1915, with 128 Americans aboard, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson vowed, America is too proud to fight and demanded an end to attacks on passenger ships. Germany complied. - Wilson unsuccessfully tried to mediate a settlement. He repeatedly warned the U.S. would not tolerateRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesRichard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and OtherRead MoreGeorge Orwell23689 Words   |  95 Pagesas western peoples go, the English are very highly differentiated. There is a sort of back-handed admission of this in the dislike which nearly all foreigners feel for our national way of life. Few Europeans can endure living in England, and even Americans often feel more at home in Europe. When you come back to England from any foreign country, you have immediately the sensation of breathing a different air. Even in the first few minutes dozens of small things conspire to give you this feeling. TheRead MoreFor Against by L.G. Alexander31987 Words   |  128 Pagescountries 17 Childhood is certainly not the happiest time of your life 18 Untidy people are not nice to know 19 The only way to travel is on foot 42 44 46 48 20 Examinations exert a pernicious influence on education 21 Books, plays and films should be censored 22 People should be rewarded according to ability, not according to age and experience 23 The tourist trade contributes absolutely nothing to increasing understanding between nations 24 Only a madman would choose to live in aRead MoreThe Prison System Needs Reform7898 Words   |  32 Pages from further criminal or harmful activity (Morris Rothman, 1998). By the eighteen centuries many were growing opposite of the death penalty, especially in America. Prisons were complete contrast to the well-order of today’s prisons. Americans believed that the main cause of crime was disparity in classes and wealth. In a nation that was so formed in equality and class mobility, they believed that crime would decline (O connor). They also believed that severe punishments, like that of

Heros Are They Born Or Made free essay sample

Heros. Are They Born Or Made? JFK A ; LBJ Essay, Research Paper Heros, are They Born or Made? Throughout recorded history, world has followed their leaders where of all time they lead. Be it with John Fitzgerald Kennedy to Camelot, or Lyndon Baines Johnson to the Gulf of Tonkin. In their ain several manners, both of these work forces were great heroes and scoundrels. James Reston ( 1994 ) wrote that # 8220 ; the calamity of John Fitzgerald Kennedy was greater than the achievement, but in the terminal the calamity enhances the achievement and revives hope. # 8221 ; ( Hilty, 1994 p. 418 ) . Henry F. Graff ( 1994 ) inscribed that # 8220 ; the long and dearly-won war in Vietnam that Johnson had non avoided, could non win, and did non stop will long stay the dark shadow on his record. The domestic statute law and the generous spirit that actuated it will be his reflecting memorial when and if, a longer perspective reduces at last the size of that shadow # 8221 ; ( Morton, 1994 p. We will write a custom essay sample on Heros Are They Born Or Made or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 393 ) . Of these two really different work forces, one was molded into a hero and one was destined to go a hero from birth. Are our greatest heroes born or are they made? I feel strongly that heros are made, non born. In domestic affairs, Kennedy accomplished small during his thousand yearss in office. He gave small attending to domestic personal businesss. His inaugural reference contained non one word about race dealingss or the civil rights motion. Robert Kennedy, John # 8217 ; s brother, admitted that they had # 8220 ; # 8230 ; lost no slumber over the Negroes # 8221 ; ( Hilty, 1994 p.422 ) . The Kennedys foremost urged leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. to be patient and avoid the incidents harmful to America # 8217 ; s image abroad. Escalating crisis sucked the Kennedys into the whirl of the motion ( Hilty, 1994 p.422 ) . Kennedy did seek and obtained a minor addition in the minimal pay and Social Security coverage, plus money for public lodging, and forced a impermanent push back in steel monetary values ( Sellen, 1987 p.1297 ) . By November of 1963, he had well increased American military committedness to South Vietnam and created the necessary conditions for farther American engagement which occurred under President Johnson ( Morton, 1994 p.421 ) . On the positive side, Kennedy endorsed the Peace Corp, Food for Peace, and Agency for International Development. These plans improved America # 8217 ; s image in emerging states of Africa and Asia. Kennedy # 8217 ; s Alliance for Progress gave hope for Latin America ( Morton, 1994 p.422 ) . Kennedy besides sought a revenue enhancement cut to excite the economic system, federal assistance to instruction and Medicare, but since he lacked dependable bulks in Congress, these plans remained tied up in Congress until after Kennedy # 8217 ; s decease ( Patterson, 1995 ) . One must besides take into consideration that John Kennedy besides had his portion of military calamities. Least we of all time bury the severely fumbled effort to envade Cuba to subvert Castro? Many Cuban expatriates were either killed or captured at the Bay of Pigs. Kennedy # 8217 ; s greatest crisis in foreign policy was the state of affairs which arose when Khrushchev tried to set up atomic missiles in Cuba in 1962. Kennedy choose to obstruct Cuba and endanger Khrushchev by keeping in modesty an air onslaught on the missile sites. At first, armed struggle seemed likely and the universe lingered on the brink of atomic war for about two, highly tense, hebdomads ( Hilty, 1994 p. 421 ) . During his two old ages as frailty president, Johnson greatly expanded upon the responsibilities assigned to that place. With Kennedy # 8217 ; s approvals, the hardy frailty president became a wandering embassador doing legion trips abroad to confabulate with foreign caputs of province. His most noteworthy trip took topographic point in mid-1961 when Johnson officially visited Southeast Asia. His brief stay in Vietnam deepened his strong belief that the South Vietnam authorities must be supported about at all costs ( Morton, 1994 p.396 ) . There were two other places in which the frailty president played meaningful functions in the Kennedy disposal. Since Johnson had long been interested in infinite geographic expedition, Kennedy suitably gave Johnson the place of supervising the infinite plan by naming him president of the Space Council. Johnson # 8217 ; s 2nd country of premier concern was civil rights. As president of the freshly created President # 8217 ; s Committee on Equal Employment, Johnson headed the federal authorities plan to procure occupation chances particularly for inkinesss. The Civil Rights attempts of the Kennedy old ages, led by Vice President Johnson, were rather perchance a necessary preliminary to the transition of historic Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1965 under President Johnson. Despite mensurable accomplishments in the countries of infinite geographic expedition and civil rights, Johnson # 8217 ; s term of office as frailty president was one of defeat. Serving as he did in the shadow of the popular, vernal JFK, there was seemingly small opportunity for him to go president of the United States ( Morton. 1994 p. 396 ) . On November 22, 1963, while on a trip to Dallas to seek to mend a split in the Texas Democrats, Kennedy was tragically assassinated. In this minute of entire and incredible horror, Johnson assumed the responsibilities and adversities of the presidential term. After being elevated to the White House, Johnson rapidly proved to be a consummate and reassuring leader in the kingdom of domestic personal businesss. In 1964, Congress passed a tax-reduction jurisprudence that promised to advance economic growing and the Economic Opportunity Act, which launched the plan called the War on Poverty. Johnson proved to be really adept in geting a strong Civil Rights Act in 1964. In future old ages, this Act proved to be a critical beginning of legal authorization against racial and sexual favoritism ( Morton, 1994 p. 397 ) . In the 1964 presidential election, Lyndon B. Johnson was overpoweringly elected to the office of President of the United States. Johnson # 8217 ; s victories gave him a authorization for his Great Society, as he called his domestic plan. Congress responded by eventually go throughing the Medicare plan, O.K.ing federal assistance to simple and secondary instruction, heightening the War on Poverty, and making the Department of Housing and Urban Development ( Patterson, 1995 ) . The huge sum of reform statute law that Johnson passed in his first three old ages in office was awesome. His Great Society plan represented an accomplishment about unparalleled in American history ( Morton, 1994 p. 397 ) . Johnson will doubtless be remembered non for his domestic reform, but for his expansion of the progressively unpopular war in Southeast Asia. Johnson did non originate the engagement of the United States in Vietnam. He did, nevertheless, enlarge upon a U.S. committedness to the Saigon authorities in South Vietnam. This committedness was made by Johnson # 8217 ; s three predecessors, Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy. Logically following the attempts of these three work forces to back up the corrupt and undemocratic authorities of South Vietnam, by 1965 Johnson had increased the war attempt to such an extent that there were over 200,000 Americans contending the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese. By February of 1968 Johnson increased the count of American military personnels by 206,000, conveying the US forces count to over 700,000. Somehow, an unwanted and misunderstood struggle in Southeast Asia had go a major war which would non merely interrupt the bantam state in which it was being fought, but would besides turn out to hold desperate effects on President Johnson and his state ( Morton, 1994 pp397-398 ) . These two great work forces put furrows in the history of the United States. Both are proclaimed as heroes in their ain right. Kennedy led us to Camelot. But what function did he play? Was he the staunch and devoted Arthur or the womanizing and fallacious Lancelot? His superficiality and indifference to the demands of the multitudes seems to hold been ingrained at an early age. # 8220 ; The Kennedys passed the old ages of the Great Depression in privileged epicurean isolation from America # 8217 ; s societal and economic torture # 8221 ; ( Hilty, 1994 p. 419 ) . John Kennedy was seemingly more interested in the visual aspect of the United States to the universe than he was in the domestic personal businesss of his ain people. This was demonstrated by his indifference to the racial agitation which was brewing within his ain state. If non for the goad of his brother, Robert Kennedy, John would neer hold passed any civil rights measures. It was more of import to Kennedy that the United States stop Communism and provender the hungry of emerging states than it was to hold racial and sexual favoritism and feed the hungry of this state. Kennedy besides was a # 8220 ; user # 8221 ; . He used his male parent # 8217 ; s money to finance his runs, his male parent # 8217 ; s friends as political foremans and to assist him print his first book, his war narrative of gallantry, the aid of his Plutos to win a Pulitzer Prize and his young person, personal appeal and household name, to appeal a state into believing what they were seeing, through the shade of rose coloured spectacless, was the manner of a new coevals ( Hilty, 1994 p. 420 ) . The state was finished with live overing the yesteryear, and was now ready to travel into the hereafter. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the adult male chosen to take them. Lyndon Baines Johnson, on the other manus, was born and raised on a farm in cardinal Texas. He knew first manus what it was like to work the land and to make without. While the Kennedy kids were reared in an ambiance of household intimacy and trueness, Lyndon assumed the function of older brother who often helped his somewhat priggish female parent and capricious male parent raise his siblings. Lyndon became about a alternate male parent to his younger brother and three younger sisters ( Morton, 1994 p.393 ) . During his college old ages, Johnson demonstrated to his Hispanic junior high school pupils his concern about equal intervention to people irrespective of their colour or beginning. He encouraged his pupils to take their instructions earnestly. He was besides concerned about the unemployment rate of immature people. This was demonstrated by his action as the Texas manager of the National Youth Administration ( Morton, 1994 p. 394 ) . Johnson # 8217 ; s lift through political relations resulted from difficult work get downing at the # 8220 ; grass-roots # 8221 ; degree. Unlike Kennedy, Johnson started at the underside and worked his manner to the top. His strength and willingness to negociate were his strong suit # 8217 ; in winning him his elected seats ( Patterson, 1995 ) . Unfortunately, Johnson inherited a war no 1 wanted. Since it was his responsibility to seek to win this war, he performed in the lone mode he trusted. Many of Johnson # 8217 ; s ascendants had fought in the Alamo, and war and struggle were no aliens to Johnson. Therefore, with what he may hold considered the approvals of his sires, he set out to win an unwinable war by increasing the figure of combatives who were contending for unknown causes ( Morton, 1994 p.393 ) . But alas, Johnson did win some of the domestic wars which were booming in this great state. He pushed through the Medicare plan to do certain that aged individuals would be able to obtain nice medical attention, he was instrumental in the passing of the most of import of the civil rights measures, he established a assortment of alleviation and services bureaus such as VISTA, work-study, and a Job Corps. He attempted to win the war on poorness by assailing the major causes of poorness # 8211 ; viz. illiteracy, unemployment, and unequal public services ( Morton, 1994 p. 397 ) . Which of these two powerful work forces is to be considered the greatest hero? Will it be the rich, fine-looking Kennedy who was born into the life style of a politician? Who had his political calling bought and paid for by a affluent and powerful household. Who was born into the lap of luxury with a Ag spoon in his oral cavity. Or is the better pick Johnson, who was born into a household which steadfastly believed that the state and its people came before ego? Who understood and respected the difficult work and attempts of others. Who made his ain manner in political relations without the assistance of affluent parents. Webester # 8217 ; s Ninth Collegiate Dictionary describes a hero as # 8220 ; # 8230 ; degree Celsiuss: a adult male admired for his achievments and baronial qualities vitamin D: 1 that shows great bravery # 8230 ; # 8221 ; ( p.566 ) . But which adult male was made into a hero? This author feels that Johnson is the better pick. Johnson arose from the ashes of Camelot, non unlike a Phoenix bird, with his tail plumes singed by the fires of Vietnam. He assumed the amazing responsibilities that were handed to him without inquiry. He finished the work of his predessor without having recognition where recognition was truly due. ( Even after his decease, Kennedy was still having recognition for work that others had accomplished. ) Johnson accepted the war of three anterior Commander-in-Chiefs and battled it the lone manner that he knew how. Because his strong hawkish idiosyncrasies will forever shadow his domestic achievements, Johnson may neer receive full acknowledgment for the forceful and effectual domestic plans that he pushed through Congress. If Johnson had non cared so much about his state of people, would he hold fought so diligently for plans such as Medicare, VISTA, work-study plans, and Job Corps? Johnson foremost illustrated his concern for the equal rights of all work forces to his Latino junior high school pupils: therefore, began his long and successful battle to go through some of the most of import civil rights measures of this state. Without his attempts, The Great Society would neer hold had a opportunity. The reply to this inquiry will non be available until future historiographers can research and compile facts in a wholly non-judgmental and indifferent mode. Critical Review When I foremost began research for this paper, I steadfastly believed that John Kennedy was my # 8220 ; knight in reflecting armor. # 8221 ; I believed all that I had been told by my senior coevalss about how Kennedy had fought the conflict for civil rights because he believed in equality for everyone. I had religion in the belief that Kennedy had fought his manner up through the political circus to go one of the most powerful work forces in the universe. I knew in my bosom that Kennedy cared more about his ain state of people than he cared about an full universe of people. After all, wasn # 8217 ; t it Kennedy who stood up to Castro and Khrushchev? So what if the cost of his base about equaled atomic war? Kennedy was merely protecting HIS people from the depredations of Communism and the Big Red Monster. And as for Kennedy # 8217 ; s injudiciousnesss with adult females, after all that he had done for his state, lets # 8217 ; merely forgive him. After all, he was merely human, and he was a # 8220 ; born hero. # 8221 ; Equally far as I had been told, Lyndon B. Johnson was merely an # 8220 ; old war trader # 8221 ; who sent 1000s of American young person to Vietnam. He had no concern for this state. All he was worried about was winning this war at what of all time the cost was. Unfortunately, the cost was 1000s of deceases of some of America # 8217 ; s finest immature work forces and adult females. Now, as I take off my # 8220 ; rose tinted spectacless # 8221 ; , I can see for the first clip who the hero of my former coevals was. It wasn # 8217 ; t the brassy war hero who had been born into political relations, and bought his manner into office with his household # 8217 ; s money and name. It was the # 8220 ; froward old codger # 8221 ; who spent over 30 old ages in the state # 8217 ; s capital doing his manner to the top. It was through this adult male # 8217 ; s tireless attempts that the civil rights motion began to take signifier, that the War on Poverty began to contend back, and that the Great Society was conceived and born. Johnson was a adult male made into an obscure hero. I can # 8217 ; t assist but inquire if the American society could really stand to see one of its # 8217 ; favorite folklore narratives crushed. I think non. After all, everyone needs person to title-holder and to be their hero. Mentions Hilty, J. ( 1994 ) . Historic World Leaders. Vol. 4 pp 418-424 Detroit, Mi. Gales Research Inc. Morton, J. ( 1994 ) . Historic World Leaders. Vol. 4 pp 393-398 Detroit, Mi. Gales Research Inc. Sellen, R. ( 1987 ) . Great Lives From American History. Vol 3 pp 1295-1298 Pasadena, Ca. Salem Press Patterson, J. ( 1995 ) . Groiler Multimedia Encyclopedia. Version 7.0 Packard Bell for IBM computing machines Webester # 8217 ; s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary ( 1990 ) . Springfield, Mass. Merriam-Webester Inc.